Choose a geothermal system make sure it means a comfortable home, pleasantly warm in winter and cool in summer, using an environmentally friendly technology and advantageous from an economic standpoint.
The low-temperature geothermal systems are very common in residential areas, Northern Europe and the United States, while in our country are still poorly understood .
However, in recent times in Italy there was a sharp reversal: the introduction of targeted incentives for geothermal energy at low temperature (see "55% Deduction for heating" in the menu on the right) shows a clear desire to catch up Italian in the use of an energy source by enormous potential and often underestimated.
The possibility of producing, as well as hot water for heating and for sanitary purposes, including cold water to cool during the summer, makes geothermal ideal alternative to traditional systems . The big advantage is that a geothermal system incorporates only plant the same functions normally delegated to two different devices, ie, boilers and air conditioners.
a geothermal system, if properly sized, can heat and cool a building without the aid of other devices. This is called a geothermal plant monovalent.
geothermal plants, however, lend themselves very well to ' integration with other heat generators with high efficiency. Very interesting, for example, is the combination with solar thermal systems (see "Solar system combined") or condensing boilers (see Condensing Boilers "), under the bivalent.
System components
The 3 key elements of a geothermal system are:
1. A system of heat uptake
Usually this is polyethylene pipes acting as heat exchangers, using the heat energy in the ground or water.
The pipes can be buried vertically in the ground at great depths (vertical geothermal probes), or horizontally at 1-2 feet deep (probes o collettori orizzontali).
Anche l’utilizzo dell’acqua, come sorgente di calore in alternativa al terreno, comporta l’utilizzo di sonde verticali.
E’ proprio la scelta del sistema di captazione, a seconda anche dalle caratteristiche geologiche e climatiche del luogo scelto per l’installazione, a caratterizzare le diverse opzioni impiantistiche dei sistemi geotermici.
2. La pompa di calore geotermica
Installata all’interno degli edifici, la pompa di calore geotermica è il cuore dell'impianto. It allows you to transfer heat from the soil or water to the interior-warming-and to reverse the cycle during cooling.
3. A system of accumulation and distribution of heat
geothermal plants are particularly suited to work with terminal heating / cooling systems operating at low temperatures (30-50 ° C), such as radiant and ventilcovettori (see "Terminals for heating" and "terminal for cooling" in the menu on the right).
In particular, the radiant panels are the ideal solution, because circulate hot water in winter to 30-35 ° C in summer and cold water at 18-20 ° C, heating and cooling with the highest degree of comfort and energy savings. Traditional radiators, although in some cases used to work with a heat pump, however, are totally unsuited to cool environments.
The presence of a storage tank for hot water is essential to store heat and then distribute it to the building-for heating and for sanitary-where there is demand.
The integration of geothermal and solar heating systems or boilers condensation takes place thanks to the storage tank, in which water is heated by coils connected to the different heat generators.
What plot?
In general, the geothermal resource is available throughout the Italian . It 'important to know the characteristics of the subsoil that will be used as a source of heat. Specific types of land, or the presence or absence of groundwater or hydro-geological constraints, determine the feasibility or otherwise of a geothermal plant.
Only skilled operators can give us advice and information about a specific site chosen for the installation, possibly making use of geological surveys to assess accurately the quality of the geothermal resource.
new or existing buildings?
Geothermal energy is certainly recommended for all buildings newly built , where you can design the entire system from scratch for optimal performance.
For existing buildings , convenience and feasibility of a geothermal plant are to be assessed case. We must also consider the availability of the space required for the preparation of construction and installation of the probes.
It 'still recommended to install the system at building and renovation of the heating system and take advantage of ongoing work to rehabilitate the entire building from an energy point of view.
The installation of a geothermal system is a convenient choice for all existing buildings that use boilers expensive and polluting fossil fuels such as diesel or LPG. If you own a natural gas boiler, should carefully assess the costs and benefits of replacing it.
Another key issue concerns the quality of ' insulation ' s building. Consumption for heating and cooling, in fact, are largely attributable to the loss of heat. A well-insulated building is a prerequisite for the proper sizing of geothermal can provide good levels of energy saving and thermal comfort.
The need to improve the degree of insulation of buildings is particularly important for existing building stock, while new buildings or recent construction, which should be subject to stringent standards of law, are usually well insulated.
How long does the installation?
An estimate of the average lifetime of a geothermal system can be done more on some individual components and entire system.
geothermal heat pumps have a shelf life of at least 15-20 years (the duration is less than the household size), while geothermal can be successfully operated for many decades (according to some sources, up to 80-100 years).
radiant panels have a life estimated at 20-30 years.
For all the years of operation, not there is almost no maintenance.
• it is heat free (except the power consumption of the heat pump) and independent of external temperatures, which ensures operation of ' facility for 365 days a year
• compared to a heating system with natural gas boiler, operating costs are lower by about 60%
• un unico sistema permette sia di riscaldare che di raffrescare l’edificio, eliminando i costi elevati per il condizionamento estivo
• contribuisce alla riduzione delle emissioni di inquinanti e di CO2 in atmosfera
• non inquina i terreni, poiché all’interno delle sonde geotermiche circolano liquidi frigoriferi antigelo completamente atossici
• la pompa Geothermal heat is an extremely quiet , like for example a refrigerator
• the absence of combustion processes and chimneys minimizes the need for maintenance.
source: Nextville
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